Math 533 – Ams

Points I will be going over information gave about our clients based oftener area, Income size, family size, years at current area, and the acknowledge balance they convey for our organization. Utilizing factual examination we can study our clients and ideally utilize this data to offer better types of assistance to our clients later on to save them clients for life.In my investigation I will go over the accompanying: * Customer Location * Customer Income * Store Credit Balance * Credit Balance Compared to Income Level Household Size Compared to Household Location * Household Size Compared to Income Level Where the client lives, their Income level and the offset they hold with the organization are acceptable Indicators of client dedication. Stretching out credit to our clients is a decent confidence method of us demonstrating the client that we need their business and are eager to set aside effort to take care of their purchases.Before I completely examine the numbers I would expect that the more prominent the salary level the more they are charging. They have the money related meaner to pay the regularly scheduled installments and can keep a high equalization. Client area is significant in light of the fact that it can help disclose to us how regularly you visit the store. Somebody in a urban region may shop 4+ times each month, where somebody in a rustic territory may just shop once per month. In any case, the individual shopping 4+ times each month may be spending not exactly the individual living in the country zone who can just come once per month in light of separation Issues.Credit balance contrasted with Income level gives us how much higher Income clients are spending. Contrasting the family size with the area can give us a vibe for where the families are living damaged to the single parent or single individual family units are. You can utilize this sort of data to showcase and promote extraordinary deals as fundamental. At last family size contrasted with the salary level will give us how much enormous families are spending and how regularly. This can likewise be helpful to showcase large sales.Customer Location The above portrayal is a pie diagram which shows are customers' segment areas. Of the 50 clients utilized in our examining the best quantities of our customers are In the Urban locale, with the country district being the least frequented. Of the example we inferred that: eve In a urban territory live in a rural region * 26% live in a provincial region This is as I would like to think a normal result. The capacity to go to our store is a lot more noteworthy for those living in rural and urban regions since it is nearer to their proximity.While inhabitants in the provincial networks do visit our stores they do as such on a less successive premise. Further examination may have the option to show that country inhabitants might shop less every now and again, however spend more per trip than somebody in the urban territory. Cl ient Income This basic reference diagram shows the salary level in the $1,000

Outline and Evaluate the Use of One Qualitative Method in the Academic Study of Sport Essay Example

Layout and Evaluate the Use of One Qualitative Method in the Academic Study of Sport Essay Example Framework and Evaluate the Use of One Qualitative Method in the Academic Study of Sport Essay Layout and Evaluate the Use of One Qualitative Method in the Academic Study of Sport Essay Layout and assess the utilization of one subjective technique in the scholastic investigation of game Denzin and Lincoln (2000a) accept that subjective research is guided by 3 standards: suppositions, qualities and convictions. These neutralize, close by or inside positivist and post-positivist models. Quantitative research is the utilization of numerical estimations and examination that includes quantifiable ‘quantities’ by Gratton and Jones (2004). Quantitative information is gathered through shut inquiries for what it's worth set up to give realities. While subjective information, then again, dominatingly utilizes open styled inquiries to acquire data through follow up questions, broad answers and discussions. There are numerous contrasts between the two standards with the scientist being objective, and ‘detached’ from the subject under scrutiny inside quantitative information said by Gratton and Jones (2004). Also, subjective research is fairly the inverse, with the scientist being set up to accumulate more data from the members being referred to. Notwithstanding the past, Morse, Swanson and Kuezel (2001) accept a quantitative research requires the analyst to painstakingly characterize factors that might be evaluated with numbers. Then again, subjective research is a more all encompassing point of view as opposed to a theory affirmation. Berg and Latin (2008) accept subjective research permits an open-finished and adaptable way to deal with evaluation. Inside the subjective worldview there are a few distinct information assortment techniques, for example, open surveys, interviews, perception, visual and literary investigation. I will diagram and assessing the utilization of meetings inside the scholarly investigation of game; this will be centered mostly around center gatherings. Culver (2003) states that meetings are without a doubt the most well-known technique for gathering subjective information inside the investigation of game. Pettigrew (1990) and Pettus (2001) likewise state ‘interviews offer a profundity of data that allows the point by point investigation of specific issues in a manner impractical with different types of information collection’. Inside this sort of research technique there are 4 distinct kinds of meetings; organized, semi-organized, unstructured and center gathering. Organized meetings are eye to eye (specialist member), comprise of shut and pre-decided inquiries notwithstanding the structure being formal. Semi-organized meetings can be modified so that the participant(s) being referred to would ether be able to explain or expound on a specific point/explanation. The way to deal with information assortment is adaptable, with tests being utilized to assemble extra data. Unstructured meetings have a set subject with the respondent driving the meeting. The inquiries are created all through, as they are not pre-decided. These inquiries are open and adaptable. A negative point to this meeting structure is that there’s a possibility the meeting will need center. Center gatherings lean towards being semi-organized with a conversation postulation being utilized inside an open situation; center gatherings comprise of more than one individual. John Amis (2005) accepts ‘focus bunches permit individuals to challenge one another, create places of agreement, and expand on each other’s ideas’. Notwithstanding this past articulation, Gratton and Jones (2004) accept this can turn into a negative point if the analyst doesn’t keep the members on theme, expressing that ‘participants might be enticed to give bogus information to establish a connection upon others in the group’. This can be conceivably maintained a strategic distance from in the event that you utilize either an irregular, or delineated arbitrary example which has an isolated populace. Besides these members won’t know each other. Inside center gatherings there is an enormous amount of qualities; members can expand on the specific subject(s) particularly when the analyst utilizes tests. Related to this Yin (1994) noticed that the questioner ‘provides saw easygoing inferences’ from the actor’s, as opposed to the researcher’s perspective. As a center gathering is commonly unstructured or semi-organized it empowers members to uncover certain understanding into their perspectives and practices notwithstanding significant topics and unforeseen information to develop, Gratton and Jones (2010). Center gatherings are increasingly adaptable as you can likewise increase visual and vocal data; for instance non-verbal communication, giggling, quiet or cautious thought, their manner of speaking, or even just what specific members are stating. This can prompt the analyst examining as specific members will be increasingly enthusiastic about specific subjects/points. In addition you can increase a relationship with your members, which can prompt them being progressively open and consistent with the data they give inside the gathering. Related to this, members are educated that everything examined is kept secret, in this manner this will unwind and ease members so they’re ready to connect completely inside the conversations. Meetings require more assets in contrast with polls. This could be as far as time utilization or voyaging, as an outcome coming about examples can be little, Gratton and Jones (2010). Specific members could assume responsibility for the meeting thusly getting predominant; specialists should then try specific tests guaranteeing other gathering individuals get included to increase a progressively differing assortment of information. Then again, members could discover center gathering situations threatening and additionally off-putting; which can prompt the participant(s) being referred to feeling compelled to concur with the predominant member. Evalued[online]) Analyzing information can likewise be troublesome notwithstanding recording the meeting. John Amis (2005) states that it is regardless of the kind of meeting, that the manner in which information is recorded ought to be set up earlier and it is standard methodology to record the meeting on sound tape. The analyst should likewise guarantee that the information accumulated is solid. Gratton and Jones (2004) accept this can be spoken to with the condition; ‘reliability = number of understandings/(number of understandings + disagreements)’. Mental Qualities of Elite Adolescent Rugby Players is an exploration study augmentation on Holland and colleagues’ (2010) concentrate into required mental characteristics of youthful skilled rugby players, Woodcock et al (2011). Center gatherings were finished after Kruger and Casey’s (2000) prescribed size of 6 to 8 members, guaranteeing that you don’t surpass 10. One gathering broke this rule with 2 members taking an interest inside SAS (Sports Administration Staff), which could impede examined information with the possibility of understanding being likely and data being restricted. Stewart, Shamdasani, and Rook (2007) caution that less than eight members can prompt a limited conversation one-sided toward the perspectives on a couple of people. Center gatherings were held in natural and encouraging situations notwithstanding nonpartisan areas for guardians, which was set up to cause members to feel more calm. The center gathering was semi-organized with the arbitrator utilizing tests to increase a more inside and out knowledge into their perspectives and convictions. Besides the arbitrator increased a relationship with the members on section so that they’d feel great alongside this technique helping them to take an interest inside gathering conversations. Through utilizing center gatherings Woodcock et al (2011) established 5 new subgroups inside the 11 higher request topics recognized by youthful players in Holland et al, (2010). These 5 subthemes were: off pitch correspondence, reflection on their capacities in a goal way, taking data and replicating it as a physical activity, managing wounds just as demeanor towards wounds and that players should be issue solvers, ready to adjust and beat difficulties. Guardians and mentors upheld improvement of people, in their rugby contribution as well as inside different everyday issues. Moreover they examined cooperations that strengthened improvement inside expert and execution conditions. SAS featured inside the investigation that the under-16 rugby program was structured explicitly to bit by bit challenge players and encourage advancement of certain mental characteristics Woodcock et al (2011). This center gathering helped increase further information and understanding inside the mental side of tip top pre-adult rugby players. Besides the manners by which guardians, mentors and the SAS build up these players’ mental when all is said in done everyday conditions. A vast larger part of the examination accumulated compares Holland and partners (2010) study. Sexual orientation view of Wrestling is a contextual analysis set up to pick up explore on whether wrestling is a game essentially for male competitors. This center gathering comprise of eight members from the two sexes (separated irregular example), which was likewise semi-organized. Sports directors and chairmen for wrestling are given the chance to urge ladies to participate. For this to occur sports chiefs as well as directors need to see how ladies see the game. Pfister, (2010) and Ward, (2010) express that there is a developing number of ladies partaking in sports with certain ladies contending effectively in customarily manly games. Information gathered from the center gathering was considerable, with sees from every sexual orientation being extraordinary; this subsequently made the examination stand apart increasingly because of its speculation. The center gathering underlined that they saw wrestling to b

This Week at SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

This Week at SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The Harriman Institute and the Russian American Cultural Center Fragments from the Past: A Photography Exhibition by Yuri Shalamov, who worked for top Soviet magazines and newspapers for over thirty years. 11:00 am to 5:00 pm International Affairs Building, 12th Floor For additional information: www.russianamericanculture.com Monday, November 9 The Weatherhead East Asian Institute Brown Bag Lecture: Chinas Science and Technology Talent Pool: Competitive Advantage or Critical Problem? with Denis F. Simon, professor, Penn State School of International Affairs and Cong Cao, senior researcher, the Levin Institute, State University of New York (SUNY). 12:00 pm to 1:30 pm International Affairs Building, Room 918 The Middle East Institute and the Institute for Research on Women and Gender Talk: Palestine and  Israeli Occupation, with Amira Hass. 12:00 pm to 2:00 pm Knox Hall, Room 207 (122 St. between Broadway and Claremont Ave.) The Harriman Institute Talk: The Potential for Energy Cooperation with Russiaâ€"the Future of Natural Resource Development and Management in the Arctic, with Dr. Louis Skyner. 12:00 pm to 1:30 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1219 The SIPA International Finance and Economic Policy (IFEP) Concentration Lecture: In the Aftermath of the Global Economic Crisisâ€"Redesigning the WTO for the 21st Century, with Professor Debra Steger, WTO Appellate Body Secretariat with comments by Professor Michael Ewing-Chow, Faculty of Law, National University of Singapore; Jennifer Hillman (invited), member, WTO Appellate Body and comments by moderator Professor Merit E. Janow, director, IFEP. 4:00 pm to 5:30 pm Warren Hall, Feldberg Space The School of International and Public Affairs and SIPAs South Asia Association and Urban Policy Concentration SIPA Global Mayors Forum: Urban Policy, Global Challengesâ€"A Conversation with Syed Mustafa Kamal, Mayor of Karachi, Pakistan. 6:00 pm to 7:30 pm International Affairs Building, 1501 The Committee on Global Thought Panel Discussion: A Bretton Woods Moment? with panelists: Benjamin Cohen, Louis G. Lancaster Professor of International Political Economy, University of California, Santa Barbara; Adam Posen, senior fellow, Peterson Institute for International Economics and Joseph Stiglitz, Professor of Economics, Columbia University. They  will be asked to reflect upon the role of governments and central banks in overseeing a new financial architecture, and whether new institutional innovations, such as a new global reserve currency, are required. 6:00 pm to 7:30 pm Faculty House, Presidential Room 1 For more information: http://cgt.columbia.edu/events/a_bretton_woods_moment To register: https://calendar.columbia.edu/sundial/webapi/register.php?eventID=36304 The Harriman Institute and Programs in Comparative and International Education and International Education Development A comparative analysis of the results from the 2006 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA)â€"Learning Achievement in the CEE/CIS Region, with special guests from UNICEF Geneva Phillipe Testot-Ferry and Erin Tanner. Presentation will be followed by a reception. 7:00 pm to 9:00 pm Teachers College, Milbank Chapel For more information: Erin Weeks-Earp at emw2114@columbia.edu Tuesday, November 10 The Harriman Institute Talk: The Economic Crisis and Russian Museums: Some Recent Observations by Kristen Regina, chief art librarian at Hillwood Museum Gardens. 12:00 pm to 1:00 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1219 The International Media, Advocacy and Communications (IMAC) Specialization at SIPA Talk: How the Liberal Blogs Are Keeping President Obama Honest, with John Aravosis, editor of AMERICAblog.com, one of the most influential Democratic political blogs in Washington, DC, discussing the role of liberal blogs in working with (and fighting against) the Obama administration during the 2008 presidential campaign and other far ranging issues. 12:30 pm to 2:00 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1302 The School of International and Public Affairs Info Session for the Hertie School of Governance Dual Degree Program in Berlin. For first-year SIPA students, interested in applying for the SIPA/HSoG Dual Degree Program. 1:30 pm to 2:30 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1510 The Institute for Social and Economic Research and Policy and the Mori Memorial Foundation in Tokyo Report: Global Cities Power Index, a comprehensive study of 35 global cities, released in October 2009 that ranks cities based on six overall categories: Economy, Research Development, Cultural Interaction, Livability, Ecology Natural Environment and Accessibility with 69 individual indicators among them. 3:00 pm to 4:30 pm Avery Hall, Wood Auditorium To register: https://calendar.columbia.edu/sundial/webapi/register.php?eventID=36805 The Harriman Institute Book Talk: Join us for a literary evening with Ludmilla Petrushevskaya, while she reads from her latest book, There Once Lived a Woman Who Tried to Kill Her Neighbors Baby: Fairy Tales. 6:00 pm to 8:00 pm Barnard College North Tower, Sulzberger Hall For more information: www.gs-agency.com/author_show_en.php?id=31 To register: https://calendar.columbia.edu/sundial/webapi/register.php?eventID=36425 The Institute for Religion, Culture and Public Life Lecture: Charles Taylor, professor emeritus of Philosophy at McGill University and winner of the 2007 Templeton Prize and the 2008 Kyoto Prizeâ€"Can Human Action Be Explained? 6:15 pm to 8:15 pm Schapiro Center, Davis Auditorium The Conflict Resolution Working Group, the Center for International Conflict Resolution and ACCORD Conflict Resolution Career Panel: Opportunities in the Field. 6:30 pm to 8:30 pm International Affairs Building, Room 403 Wednesday, November 11 Columbia Center for New Media Teaching and Learning (CCNMTL) Faculty and Instructor Workshop: CourseWorksâ€"Getting Started. This workshop is designed to introduce Columbia University faculty and instructors to the basics of using CourseWorks (from logging in to setting up your course syllabus). This free, hands-on workshop is recommended for beginners. 11:00 am to 12:15 pm Butler Library, Room 204 (CCNMTL Faculty Support Lab) To register: https://calendar.columbia.edu/sundial/webapi/register.php?eventID=36741 The Harriman Institute Talk: Overcoming Warlords and State Failureâ€"Lessons from Post-Soviet Georgia, with Kimberly Marten of Barnard College and Columbia University. 12:00 pm to 1:30 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1219 The Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies Presentation: Strategy Serving Tacticsâ€"Iraq, Afghanistan, and the New Way of American Warfare, with Colonels David Gray and Gian Gentile. 12:15 pm to 2:00 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1302 The Institute of African Studies African Architecture Urbanism Series: Timelinesâ€"New Perspectives explores contemporary African cities as unique built environments with Abosede George, assistant professor at Barnard College, specializing in African history, women’s history, urban history of Africa, and the history of childhood in Africa. 6:30 pm to 8:00 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1501 Thursday, November 12 Columbia Center for New Media Teaching and Learning (CCNMTL) Faculty and Instructor Workshop: Podcasting Essentialsâ€"Creation and Distribution will provide in-depth information on how audio and video content is being produced for students in higher education, and will explain how podcasting has helped distribute educational media. The second portion of the workshop will provide a step-by-step demonstration on how to create audio and video media that can be used in a podcast or any other Web-based environment. There will also be a brief demonstration on how you can use online platforms such as iTunes U to promote your media materials. This workshop is recommended for beginners. 11:00 am to 1:00 pm Butler Library, CCNMTL Faculty Support Lab (Room 204) To register: https://calendar.columbia.edu/sundial/webapi/register.php?eventID=36755 The Weatherhead East Asian Institute Brown Bag Lecture: Japanese Politics from Tanaka to Hatoyama (via Koizumi), with Margarita Estévez-Abe, associate professor of Political Science, Maxwell School of Citizenship Public Affairs, Syracuse. 12:00 pm to 1:30 pm International Affairs Building, Room 918 The Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies Annual Kenneth N. Waltz Lecture in International Relations, with Dr. Robert O. Keohane, professor of International Affairs at Princeton University, on Social Norms and Agency in World Politics. 12:15 pm to 2:00 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1501 Note: Registration for this event is currently open. To register: https://calendar.columbia.edu/sundial/webapi/register.php?eventID=35377 If you have difficulty registering, please email hcg2108@columbia.edu. The Middle East Institute Brown Bag Lecture: Young Women in Riyadhâ€"Between Transgressions of Islamic Rules and Consumerist Norms, with Amelie Le Renard. 12:30 pm to 2:00 pm Knox Hall, Room 208 (122 St. between Broadway and Claremont Ave.) The Columbia Center for Homelessness Prevention Studies Grand Rounds: Economic Evaluations of the Housing Health Intervention Study. Welcome Dr. David Holtgrave, professor and chair, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. 2:30 pm to 4:00 pm Medical Center Psychiatric Institute, Room 6602 Entrance at 40 Haven Ave. and 168 St. (inside bridge goes directly to 6th floor) The Weatherhead East Asian Institute Lecture: Japan and the United States in Afghanistanâ€"A Dialogue, with Sadako Ogata, president of the Japan International Cooperation Agency and M. Ishaq Nadiri, Jay Gould Professor of Economics, New York University. A reception will follow the lecture. 6:15 pm to 7:45 pm Faculty House, Presidents Room Reservations are required: https://calendar.columbia.edu/sundial/webapi/register.php?eventID=36521 Friday, November 13 and Saturday, November 14 The Institute of Latin American Studies Workshop: Crime, Fear, Insecurity in Mexicoâ€"Ethnographic and Policy Approaches brings together scholars from different disciplines to establish dialogue incorporating different perspectives on this critical topic for Mexico and its neighbors. Friday, Nov 13 from 9:15 am to 6:00 pm Saturday, Nov 14 from 9:30 am to 1:30 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1501 This Week at SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog As is typical, it is a busy week at SIPA.   The following events are all taking place this week.   Kind of makes you wonder when students have time to go to class. Monday, October 26 The Harriman Institute Conference: Brussels and the Western Balkans: Next Steps for the EU Integration Process. Join us as we address the following: Since the EU committed to enlarge the Western Balkans at its 2003 Thessaloniki Summit, the countries of the region have made little progress in their efforts to join the European Union. All Day Event International Affairs Building, Room 1501 To register: https://calendar.columbia.edu/sundial/webapi/register.php?eventID=34924 The South Asia Institute Distinguished Lecturer Series presents Abhijit Banerjee, Ford Foundation International Professor of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 4:00 pm to 5:30 pm Knox Hall, Room 202 (122 St. between Broadway and Claremont Ave) The Weatherhead East Asian Institute Lecture: The Great Crash of 2008 and China, with former Australian Ambassador to China Ross Garnaut, professorial fellow at the University of Melbourne. 4:30 pm to 6:00 pm International Affairs Building, Room 918 The UN Studies Program Working Group, the SIPA Pan-African Network (SPAN), the Arab Student Association, the Gender Policy Working Group Panel Discussion: Female Circumcision: A Multilevel Discussion on a Multidimensional Issue. This panel explores the complexity of female circumcision by bringing together practitioners, scholars and activists with different views on the issue. 6:00 pm to 9:00 pm International Affairs Building, Lindsay Rogers Room 707 Tuesday, October 27 The Alliance Program and the European Legal Studies Center Discussion: Trade and Problems: Whats New at the WTO? with Hélène Ruiz-Fabri, professor of International Law, Universite Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne on how trade liberalization accentuates problems of management in other areas, such as environment or health, which is related to the problem of the fragmentation of international law and the logic of competing norms. 12:15 pm to 1:15 pm W J Warren Hall, Room 600 The Microfinance Working Group, Microfinance Club of New York, Microlumbia and NYU Microfinance Mixer: Microfinance Happy Hour. You are invited to mingle at the mixer and meet other NYC practitioners and students in the microfinance field. 6:30 pm to 8:30 pm Slate Plus 54 W. 21 St. New York, NY 10011 Wednesday, October 28 The Weatherhead East Asian Institute Brown Bag Lecture: Hong Kongs Sinking and Shrinking Middle Class in a Rising Asia, with Helen Siu, professor of Anthropology, Yale University. 12:00 pm to 1:30 pm International Affairs Building, Room 918 The Center for the Study of Human Rights Presentation: The Trail of Bloodâ€"The Search for an Intercommunal National System in Lebanon and Iraq, with Visiting Scholar Hanna Ziadeh, who will introduce his research, a comparative analysis of nation-building processes in Lebanon and Iraq. 12:15 pm to 1:45 pm International Affairs Building, Room 801 The Weatherhead East Asian Institute Lecture: Is Chinese Science Really an Exotic Subject? with Nathan Sivin, University of Pennsylvania. 6:00 pm to 7:30 pm Kent Hall, Room 403 The Center for International Conflict Resolution Conversation with Ambassador Alvaro de Soto and Mr. Martin Griffiths on International Conflict Resolution in the New Millennium, the third encounter of the Conversations with Alvaro de Soto lecture series. 6:00 pm to 8:00 pm Jerome Greene, Room 101 To register: https://calendar.columbia.edu/sundial/webapi/register.php?eventID=36288 The UN Studies Program Panel: Protection of Civilians in UN Peace Operationsâ€"What does it mean, what does it take? Including the following panelists H.E. Augustine P. Mahiga, permanent representative of Tanzania to UN and David Haeri, chief, Best Practices Section, UN Department of Peacekeeping   Operations and moderator Prof. Elisabeth Lindenmayer, director, UN Studies Program. 6:00 pm to 8:00 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1501 The Earth Institutes Columbia Water Center and Scientists and Engineers for a Better Society Film Screening: A Civil Action, with speakers: Patricia Culligan, professor, Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Columbia University; and Upmanu Lall, Alan Carol Silberstein Professor of Engineering, Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University; Director, Columbia Water Center, The Earth Institute, Columbia University. 6:00 pm to 8:30 pm Alfred Lerner Hall, Room 569 For more information: http://water.columbia.edu Registration is requested but not required: https://calendar.columbia.edu/sundial/webapi/register.php?eventID=36415 The Institute for Religion, Culture, and Public Life Conversation with Jon Meacham, the editor of Newsweek magazine and author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning biography American Lion: Andrew Jackson in the White House, as well as American Gospel: God, the Founding Fathers, and the Making of a Nation, and moderator Randall Balmer, professor. 6:30 pm to 8:00 pm Journalism Building, Lecture Hall (3rd Floor) The Middle East Institute Book Talk: A Country Called Amreeka, with author Alia Malek. 6:30 pm to 8:30 pm International Affairs Building, Lindsay Rogers Room (707) Thursday, October 29 The Harriman Institute and the Weatherhead East Asian Institute Brown Bag Lecture: China and Energy Security in Central Asia, with Pan Guang, director and Professor of the Shanghai Center for International Studies and the academic director of the Institute of Eurasian Studies at the Shanghai Academy of Social Science. 12:00 pm to 2:00 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1219 The Center for Brazilian Studies at Columbia University, the Jornal do Brasil and Casa Brasil Conference: Brazil and the Future. Brings together leaders of various sectors of Brazils economy and industry to analyze its emerging role as a global power. 1:45 pm to 5:30 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1501 To register: https://calendar.columbia.edu/sundial/webapi/register.php?eventID=36420 The Institute of Latin American Studies Screening of the documentary Los Demonios del Eden, a film based on the work of Mexican activist and writer Lydia Cacho. The film is in Spanish with English subtitles. 6:30 pm to 9:00 pm International Affairs Building, Room 413 The Harriman Institute and the Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures Screeningâ€"Vanished Empire, a new Russian film. 8:00 pm to 10:00 pm Hamilton Hall, Room 703 Thursday, October 29 and Friday, October 30 The Harriman Institute and the Davis Center, Harvard University Forum: A Globalizing Russia? Join us for The Second Annual Russia/Eurasia Forum on how Globalization affects a myriad of sectors including culture, business and energy, the environment and public health, security, telecommunications and the internet, human rights, and migration. All Day Event Harvard University, Cambridge, MA Saturday, October 31 and Sunday, November 1 The Arab Student Association at SIPA, the Russian Cultural Association of Columbia University and USPolyResearch Conference: Sustainable Development of Hot Deserts. Will present a novel interdisciplinary approach to the problem of desertification and the development of sustainable settlements in hot deserts. Keynote speakers include: Dr. Nikhil Chandavarkar, Secretary, UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Ms. Florence D. Hudson, IBM Corporation, Mr. Sydney W. Kitson, Kitson Partners Developer of Babcock Ranch, Florida. 9:00 am to 5:00 pm Lerner Hall, Roone Arlidge Auditorium To register: www.globalecoinnovation.org/default.aspx?tabid=7

Essay on The Harlem Renaissance and Langston Hughes

Langston Hughes was one of the most important writers and thinkers of the Harlem Renaissance in the 1920s, which was the first major movement of African- American life and culture. Hughes was influenced by living in New York Citys Harlem, where his literary works helped shape American literature and politics. Hughes strong sense of racial pride helped him promote equality, celebrate African- American culture, and condemn racism through his poetry, novels, plays, essays, and childrens books (America’s Library). Hughes is referred to as a literary phenomenon. He was one of the first African- American men of literature who was determined to make a productive and profitable career out of his writing. The historical†¦show more content†¦One of his teachers introduced him to Carl Sandburg and Walt Whitmans poetry, who stood out as Hughes primary influences. Hughes graduated from high school in 1920 and spent the following year in Mexico with his father. Around this time, Hughess poem The Negro Speaks of Rivers was published in The Crisis magazine and was highly praised (The Biography Channel). In 1921, Hughes enrolled at Columbia University where he studied briefly, and during this time he quickly became a part of the Harlem Renaissance. Four years later, he was working as a busboy in a Washington, D.C. hotel restaurant when he met an American poet Vachel Lindsay. Hughes showed some of his poems to Lindsay, who used his connections to promote Hughes’s poetry and bring it towards a wider audience. Hughes’s poem, â€Å"The Weary Blues† won first prize in the Opportunity magazine literary competition. While studying at Lincoln, Hughes poetry came to the attention of novelist and critic Carl Van Vechten, who used his connections to help get Hughes’s first book of poetry, â€Å"The Weary Blues†, published by Knopf in 1926. Hughes was also among the first to use jazz rhythms and dialect to depict the life of urban blacks in his work (The Biography Channel). During the 1930s he continued to write and publish poetry and prose during this time, and in 1934 he published his first collection of short stories, The WaysShow MoreRelatedThe Harlem Renaissance By Langston Hughes1033 Words   |  5 Pagescalled the Harlem Renaissance. After World War I, many blacks migrated from the south to up to the north to places like Chicago, Detroit and New York. The people in Harlem felt the racial pride and this caught the attention of many musicians, writers, and artist. The Harlem Renaissance period lasted from 1920 to around 1935. Even though this period was short, it still lives on though all African American artists today. According to Biography.com in the article about Langston Hughes, there wereRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance with Langston Hughes1676 Words   |  7 PagesHarlem Renaissance with Langston Hughes The Harlem Renaissance brought about uniqueness amongst African Americans; everything was new. The visual art, the jazz music, fashion and literature took a cultural spin. During this time writer Langston Hughes seemed to outshine the rest with amazing works. The Harlem Renaissance brought about many great changes. It was a time for expressing the African American culture. It is variously known as the Harlem Renaissance, the Black Literary RenaissanceRead MoreLangston Hughes And The Harlem Renaissance1219 Words   |  5 PagesLangston Hughes and the Harlem Renaissance The Harlem renaissance is an artistic revolutionary period that took place between 1917 and 1937. This was after the First World War. Harlem was a district in New York. The Harlem renaissance impacted the social, cultural as well as artistic aspects of the black community. Many black people were encouraged to flee the southern sides where the caste system continued to oppress the black people. At this period, racial inequalities as well as other social injusticesRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance By Langston Hughes Essay1225 Words   |  5 Pages† - Langston Hughes The Harlem Renaissance took place in Harlem, New York during the 1920’s. The movement was an expression of African American culture across the Midwestern and Northeastern states of America, with Harlem being the heart of it. The Harlem Renaissance also left a lasting impression on black writers from the Caribbean and other African Colonies who immigrated to Paris. There were many artists of many different mediums that left a lasting impact of black culture, and Langston HughesRead MoreLangston Hughes And The Harlem Renaissance1909 Words   |  8 PagesThe Harlem Renaissance was a social and cultural movement aimed to alter the conventional notion of â€Å"The Negro† and to expound on African American’s adversities through literature, music, and visual arts. After World War I, Harlem, New York became a central location for African Americans for greener pastures and racial equality. Large quantities of black writers, artists, and intellectuals emerged within the urban scene and played a pivotal role of defining the movement in their respective fieldsRead MoreLangston Hughes And The Harlem Renaissance1736 Words   |  7 PagesAug 2017 The Dream Called Langston As an artist, or literature, music or visual art, there is power in creating pieces that move the masses. For an African American artist in the 1920’s, that power was fought for harder and dimmed due the racial inequalities across America. Being acknowledged as a credible artist was equated to being acknowledged as an American during a time where African American citizens were not considered an equal under the law. The Harlem Renaissance, spanning from the mid 1920’sRead MoreLangston Hughes And The Harlem Renaissance1476 Words   |  6 Pages Langston Hughes, a Voice for the Taciturn Take a time machine back to one of the most culturally-rich times in history, the Modern Age. More specifically, set your destination to northern Manhattan in the early 20s. When you step onto those bustling streets, you’ll find yourself swept up in the Harlem Renaissance. The contemporary writers you are surrounded by are legends such as Langston Hughes and W. E. B. DuBois, and the contemporary musicians you may hear at a local nightclub include some ofRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance By Langston Hughes1703 Words   |  7 Pagesis a quote from a well-known poet by the name of Langston Hughes who served as a prominent figure in African American history and is known for maintaining a significant role in one of the most culturally influential periods for African Americans -The Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance describes a significant era in time where hundreds or artists, writers and musicians living in Harlem came together to form a vibrant, creative community. Hughes along with many other talented and innovative AfricanRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance : Langston Hughes1145 Words   |  5 Pagesplace called Harlem and this is where it all started. Harlem became the training ground for blues and jazz and gave birth to a young generation of Negro Artist, who referred to themselves as the New Negro. The New Negro was the base for an epoch called the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance allowed for the materialization of the double consciousness of the Negro race as demonstrated by artists such as Langston Hughes. During the peak of the Harlem Renaissance, Langston Hughes created poetryRead MoreLangston Hughes : The Harlem Renaissance1151 Words   |  5 Pagesmass movement of people is called the Great Migration. One of the most popular places African Americans moved to was Harlem, New York. This city was a cultural and artistic polestar for people of color. It became known for the start of the African American cultural and artistic revolut ion known as the â€Å"Harlem Renaissance†. Out of the Renaissance came poet Langston Hughes. Hughes’ grandparents were abolitionists and worked to instill the same sense of justice into him, which can be seen in his writings

Should Gay Rights Be Legal - 1580 Words

Differences are dreaded by society today just because of a misunderstanding created through incorrect information given. The only change that has been made from the past until now is that there are more of the community that are seen, not embarrassed, not afraid, and no longer willing to hide what makes us happy. Gays, Lesbians, and Transgender have been hiding amongst the ages from the Roman era until current 2012 and even though many look at the community as infection, it is truth that makes us afraid of what we do not understand compared to what is seen. Just like slavery and women’s right, Gay, Lesbian, Quire, and Bisexuals community have been faced with adversity. Gay rights are an ethical issue because there is limitation set for our community due to sexuality. Sexual discrimination is considering a candidate or worker unfavorably because of a person’s sex, or affiliation with a group or groups related with a specific sex. The law forbids discrimination based on sex when it comes to any aspect of employment, including hiring, firing, pay, job assignments, promotions, layoff, training, fringe benefits and any other term or condition of employment. Gender identity discrimination, on the other hand, is more specific to people who don’t conform to stereotypes of gender identity and/or gender expression. Recently, however, some courts have concluded that transgender persons are protected from discrimination under Title VII and other sex discrimination statutes. NeitherShow MoreRelatedWhy The Constitution Should Be Legal956 Words   |  4 Pagesdebate on whether the constitution should be changed to allow gays/lesbians legal status, whereby the partners are protected while in the institution of marriage is a heated debated which has been ongoing in many years. There are those states whereby the rights of gays/lesbians to have legal marriages have been recognized, but in most of the states their right to legal marriage have not been recogn ized. This essay looks at the reasons why the American constitution should be amended to ensure that allRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Banned874 Words   |  4 PagesMany will probably disagree on the grounds that gay rights or same sex marriage should be banned or that it’s wrong under their religions. With that there are many factors that contradict against gay rights, such as religion, child adoption, and divorce just to name a few. Roger Severino, a graduate from Harvard Law School, and has a master in public policy claims the negative collusions that are against gay rights (924). Severino tells us that gay marriage conflicts with religious beliefs becauseRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal1144 Words   |  5 PagesGay Marriage There are many issues the revolve around same-sex marriage. Many issues like: Whether same-sex should be legalized and should there be an amendment on same-sex marriage? There are multiple side to view this, but gay marriage but in my opinion gay marriage is socially accepted. it should be legal and it does affect American teens in a broad spectrum of ways. There have been a lot of issues on whether or not same-sex marriage should be legal or not. According to Burns, â€Å" The unionRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal Essay1666 Words   |  7 PagesSupreme Court ruled that the US Constitution guarantees the right for same-sex couples to marry in all 50 US states. Associate Justice Anthony Kennedy stated in the majority opinion: The court now holds that same-sex couples may exercise the fundamental right to marry. No longer may this liberty be denied to them. Marriage between same-sex couples continues to be a heated issue of debate in society today. Denying gay marriage affects gay and lesbian couples and lets people think that is acceptableRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal in All States1632 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen Gay Marriage. Whether same-sex couples should be given the right to marry or even if same-sex couples should be given rights at all, this has been a contentious discussion which creates division and disunity thr oughout the country. The Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the Constitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage. Gay marriage has been legalized in 17 states. But only 19 of 194 countries allow for gay marriage. Statistics show more than half the country supports Gay MarriageRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1205 Words   |  5 PagesRahime-Malik Howard Sociology 1301-93431 Gay Marriage Getting married is something that most people do when they find love, which it is an important event in their life. The GLBT (gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender) community now get the legal right of same-sex marriage, which they have fought for throughout the years; on the other hand, some opponents of same-sex marriage have called for a constitutional change towards it. Although there were some countries that allowed gay marriage before the United StatesRead MoreDomestic Partnerships Should be Legal Essay961 Words   |  4 Pagesthe right for same-sex couples to marry. Shoul d gay marriages be legal? Clearly we as a nation are undecided on this issue. Gay rights groups are fighting for rights while religious groups are fighting against gay marriage. I do NOT believe it is fair to discriminate against gays for being together. America is a free country and people should be able to be in a relationship with whomever they desire. Gay marriage is only legal in a few states. In some of these states, the uniting of two gays isRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal1288 Words   |  6 Pagesbecome more open minded with human rights. As of right now, there are ten states that allow gay marriages to be legal. Ten out of fifty is not a lot, but it’s progress. Same-sex marriage is a hostile topic. Some people are against it and others are for it. I am for same-sex marriage because I believe that every human being should be allowed to marry the person they love. Everyone should be treated equal and given the same rights. Why should society have the right to determine who we love and chooseRead MoreGay marriage persuasive essay1663 Words   |  7 PagesGay Marriage in the United States The debate between whether gay marriage should be legalized or not has been a controversial topic recently. In the past twelve years, equal marriage rights have been legalized in 6 states of the U.S.. Eighteen states do not allow gay marriage and do not recognize civil unions. The other twenty six states allow civil unions, and some are debating legalizing gay marriage. Gay marriage should be legal across the United States. Not allowing gay marriage in any stateRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legal? Essay911 Words   |  4 PagesShould gay marriage be legal? Gay marriage should be legal because as woman and man, all individuals have the same right in society; because same-sex couples can constitute a good based family; because it is just a way to make official a common union nowadays, even with the religious issue; because it is not related to polygamy; and because love matters and it does not differ in nature according to the sex of its object or the person who experiences it. The first reason why same sex marriage

Americans with Disabilities Act 1 Free Essays

Americans with Disabilities Act The Americans with Disabilities Act Overview of the ADA of 1990 including its intended purpose, and what governmental agency oversees ADA claims The Americans with Disability Act (ADA) of 1990 was enacted by the United States Congress, signed into law by George H. W. Bush on July 26, 1990, and amended in 2009 where some changes were introduced to the act. We will write a custom essay sample on Americans with Disabilities Act 1 or any similar topic only for you Order Now ADA is a civil rights’ law that was intended to check against discrimination that can be encountered by disabled persons in the course of accessing certain services or taking part in day-to-day activities. It safeguards disabled persons against any form of bias or prejudice with respect to their condition. Whatever falls under category of disability is normally made on case-to-case basis. However, current substance abuse and visual impairment that can be remedied by lenses are not considered as disabilities by the ADA of 1990. The law was initially intended to guarantee civil right protection for people who were permanently disabled and their disabilities could not be reversed or weakened. The law was enacted enable disable persons access services enjoyed by persons who are not disabled thereby opening their horizons to all types of careers. The drafters wanted the law to be flexible to guard against eminent weakening by future case laws. To enable disabled persons enjoy equal rights with everyone else, President G. W. Bush signed ADA Amendments Act (ADAAA) into law on September 2008 (Matt, 1). Title I of the ADA 1990 deals with employment. It empowers people with disability with requisite qualifications to seek for employment in covered entities. People with disabilities can be hired, discharged, compensated, and trained just like any other worker without being discriminated. Agencies that are covered by the law include an employment agencies, labor organizations, and labor management committees. As per Title I, discrimination entails restricting job application in a manner contrary to convention, preventing qualified persons people from applying or taking up job opportunities, or making irrational and illegal job requirements to limit persons with disabilities. If entrance medical examinations have to be done, everybody else should be subjected to the process and the medical records must be treated with a lot of confidentiality. This title does not offer protection to individuals currently engaged in illegal use of drugs (Matt, 1). Title II of the Act deals with Public entities. This title prohibits any form of discrimination that can be met on the people with disability by public entities at local and state levels. Access here implies both physical and pragmatic access. It is supposed to check against discriminatory policies instituted by such public entities. It applies to public transportation that public entities offer (Matt, 1). Title III captures public accommodation and commercial facilities. The title criminalizes discrimination based on disability with special focus on full and equal enjoyment of the goods, services, facilities, or accommodations of any public accommodation by the proprietors, leasers, or operators. Public accommodation here means recreational facilities, lodgings, transportation, educational, and places of public displays. Under this title, all new constructions have to comply with Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines anchored in the Code of Federal Regulations. This title also applies to existing facilities. Exemptions to the regulation provided in the title include private clubs and religious organizations. However, historical properties and other public and private buildings must comply with the provisions of this title and failure may lead to legal proceedings. However, if following usual standards threaten to destroy historical significance of the feature of the building, they are under obligation to use other standards (Matt, 2). Title IV of the ADA deals with telecommunications. This title amended the Communications Act of 1934. All telecommunication companies are required to cater for the needs of the disabled especially the deaf and those with speech impairment (Matt, 3). Title V of ADA deals with miscellaneous provisions that are basically technical provisions. It also includes anti-retaliation or coercion provisions. Many government agencies act in concert to ensure that the ADA of 1990 is implemented. The United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission presides over employment related ADA provisions. The Department of Transportation regulates statutes related transportation. Other agencies include United States Department of Agriculture, Department of labor, Department of Education, United States Department of Interior, United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, United States Department of Health and Human Services, and Federal Communications Commission (Matt, 4). Statutory definition of â€Å"disability† and â€Å"reasonable accommodation† under the ADA of 1990 The ADA Act of 1990 defines disability as an impairment that substantially limits major life activity. ADA defines impairment as a physiological disorder or condition, cosmetic disfigurement, anatomical, neurological, musculoskeletal, respiratory, cardiovascular, reproductive losses. The Act further defines impairment as a mental or psychological disorder. Nevertheless, the explanations of impairment under the ADA regulation do not include physical traits, common personality traits, cultural and economic aspects as these elements come naturally and cannot be altered by man (Matt, 1). The Act excludes certain statutory requirements while trying to define disability like those currently using illegal drugs. Emotional acts such as thought, focus, and making contact with others also make up major life activities in reference to the EEOC. The phrase substantially limits features in the ADA definition of disability. An impairment on qualifies to be a disability if it limits life activities. For an impairment to be referred to as a disability, a person must be meaningfully limited in his or her competency to undertake certain activities relative to the average person drawn from the general public. Some of the very essential aspects to consider in this area are nature and extent of the disability, the time interval that the persons has been disabled, and how the impairment affects the individual’s ability to partake in everyday tasks (Acemoglu and Angrist 920). Reasonable accommodation in the ADA of 1990 protects persons with disabilities by ensuring that other than provision of physical access to buildings and provision of equal access to programs and services, this category of citizens access auxiliary services, aids, and removal of barriers in public utilities provided that this does not create undue administrative or financial burdens. The ADA 1990 defines reasonable ccommodation to entail â€Å"making existing facilities used by employees readily accessible and usable by disabled persons, job restructuring, part time or modified work schedules, re-advertisement to vacant person, acquisition or modification of equipment or devices and appropriate adjustment or modification of examination† (Matt, 5). Discuss the Supreme Court’s decisions in Sutton and Toyota Manufacturing In Williams’s case, The Supreme Court visited the question of severity of a condition that qualifies it to be a protected disability. The Supreme Court held that the employee’s medical condition known as carpal tunnel syndrome was not a disability because it was not substantially limiting. It was further stated that for an impairment to be referred to as a disability, it has to prevent or severely restrict a person from undertaking in tasks that are of essential value to a person in everyday life. The court underscored the need for strict interpretation of the phrase ‘’substantially limits. ’ The ruling in Williams’s case brought into fore the inability of ADA to accommodate cases characterized by dismissal of many disability cases (Raddatz, 2). In Sutton v. United Airlines, the plaintiff sued for discriminative acts by a potential employer. In the case, the plaintiffs were two twin myopic sisters who had applied for employment as commercial pilots but their request was rejected because they did not attain the minimum value for uncorrected eyesight. The Supreme Court held that the question of whether somebody is disabled and thus be protected by ADA must be looked at with reference to all mitigating measures. For instance, if a person is severely limited in undertaking day-to-day activities without medical intervention but is only slightly limited to undertaking these tasks after medical interventions, the medical intervention serves to negate the impairment from being referred to as a disability as outlined in the ADA (Raddatz, 1). The ADAAA of 2008 including its intended purpose and significant changes from the ADA of 1990 The ADAAA 2008 is an Act of the Congress that went into operation on January 1, 2009. It amended the ADA of 1990 and other nondiscrimination laws that were drafted for the good of people with disability at state and federal levels. The amendment was introduced with respect to myriad Supreme Court rulings on ADA 1990. THE Supreme Court decisions were viewed by the members of the United States Congress as limiting the rights of people with disabilities (Schall, pp. 192). The ADAAA indeed reversed those decisions. With respect to ADA Title I, ADAAA changed the definition of disability. It clarified and broadened its definition. One notable contribution of this amendment is to take into consideration of both the employer and employee. With ADAAA 2008, courts are expected to interpret ADA and other Federal disability non-discrimination laws and determine whether the covered entity has discriminated. This law preserves the original meaning definition of law as written in the ADA but alters the way that statutory term should be construed (Matt, 5). Legal analysis of Billy and Mandy’s requests applying both the ADA and ADAAA Based on the Americans with Disability Act of 1990, Mandy’s request should not be honored because she is not substantially limited in her daily activities without using medical interventions like consulting an optician to initiate corrective measures to remedy far sightedness. However, with the ADAAA, her request should be granted because the Act prohibits consideration of medication and low vision devices in determining whether a condition is a disability. Billy Beer’s request has to be granted because according to the Reasonable Accommodation and from the definition of disability in Title I, Billy’s condition is covered and indeed considered a disability. Moreover, ADAAA prioritizes discrimination initiated by covered entity as opposed to whether the person seeking protection under law has impairment that fits the statutory definition of disability. Works Cited Acemoglu, Daron and Angrist, Joshua D. Consequences of Employment Protection? The Case of the Americans with Disabilities Act. Journal of Political Economy 109(6), 2001, 915–957. Matt, Susan. Reasonable Accommodation: What does the Law Really Require. Journal of the Association of Medical Professionals with hearing Loses, 1(1), 2003, 1-13 Raddatz, Alissa. ADA Amendments overrule Supreme Court Decisions on What Constitutes Disability. 2009. Web. 3 Dec. 2011. Schall, Carol M. The Americans with Disabilities Act—Are We Keeping Our Promise? An Analysis of the Effect of the ADA on the Employment of Persons with Disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation 10(9), 1998, 191-203. How to cite Americans with Disabilities Act 1, Papers

Sainsbury supermarket UK Essay Example

Sainsbury supermarket UK Essay 1. Introduction The business that I have decided to report on is J Sainsburys. As we all know this is a very well known and well-established organisation and this is why I decided to make a report which focus great deal on the UK Sainsbury Grocery. Sainsburys store that has over 1 million branches across UK. I am going to identify the different objectives of my chosen business and I am going to write this by focusing on the following points and explaining 2. Market position and estimated market share. Market position is simply, positioning is how your target market defines you in relation to your competitors, according to (Wikipedia, 2006) We will write a custom essay sample on Sainsbury supermarket UK specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sainsbury supermarket UK specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sainsbury supermarket UK specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Market share refers to a Sainsburys share of the total sales of all theirs products within the category in which the brand competes. Market share is determined by dividing a brands sales volume by the total category sales volume defined by Worthington, Britton and Rees (2005). According to market research group TNS Worldpanel, the UKs big four. Tesco, Asda, Sainsburys and Morrisons now hold almost three-quarters (74.4%) of the grocery market. Sainsburys Supermarkets is the number three UK supermarket with a market 15.9% share of UK supermarket sales in the 12 weeks, trailing just behind Tesco and Asda. (See: Figure1) shows the market share of Sainsbury and its competitors (TNS 2006) 2.1 Number and Types of competitors Competition is the act of striving against another force for the purpose of achieving dominance or attaining a reward or goal, or out of a biological imperative such as survival. The grocery industry sector in the UK is controlled and directed by supermarket giants most of which are household names. Between the high-end niche market players like Waitrose and Marks Spencer and the cheap bulk discounters like Iceland, but the top competitors players operating in the largest market segment for Sainsbury remain are Tesco,, Asda, and Morrisons. Striving to capture consumer attention and in the effort to retain it, the strategies of the supermarkets swing between loyalty schemes and price wars. Alongside continuous attempt to retain a hold over the home market, many of the organizations view overseas opportunities as another lucrative way to inflate profits and expand the brand name. On the other side of the coin, invasions from foreign companies like Wal-Mart/Asda and the slightly over-efficient supply mechanism of the Sainsbury has grown greatly and has increased its market, also the increase in customers has given Sainsbury a large amount of profit. A supermarket that offers a wide choice of leading brands at significantly low prices, cheaper than its competitors in the in the United Kingdom, and globally, with quality reduced prices, and full customer satisfaction guarantied. Sainsbury is a very large British company, that is well known is the United Kingdom, and overseas, has a different way of approach to there customers, they makes there own products which leads to very low prices, cheaper then the market leading supermarkets such as MS, Asda and Sainsburys. However, this means that even people that are on lower incomes or from low class back-grounds, can afford to go shopping at Tesco were they can spend the same amount that they would in the other. 3. Market position There has not being any recent changes in the market position for Sainsbury. Despite Sainsburys sales growth of 6.6%, see Figure 2. Sainsbury remains in third position, as Sainsbury went through a terrible time recently mainly with stock and many customers simply not getting what they want in the store (empty shelves). This was mainly down to outdated software and delivery system which I now believe has been improved. I think they are now showing signs of recovery but will take a long time to catch Tesco. (Jorn Madslien 2006) Another reason might be that the image of Sainsburys is very much still as a posh shop i.e. very expensive. Although I have to say if you want something that Tescos does not stock Sainsbury would probably have it. 3.1 Market development (recent changes) Market development would consist of the activities undertaken by a firm to develop a market presence, in order to sell goods and services. It would not include the cost of selling those goods and services. Therefore the market development is one of the main pillars of Sainsbury strategy. (Sainsbury, 2006) One of the market development for Sainsbury was the recent changes in Business functions for Sainsburys. The business functions of Sainsburys are as follows: marketimg and sales. The company has a separate Marketing and Sales department and market research is used in the forms of market research staff using survey questionnaire in streets and in store, customer focus mornings where feed back can be gained, and questionnaires regarding current promotions e.g. Reward Card. The company hopes to appeal to adults and younger people. The company advertises mainly through T.V and radio and through adverts in magazines and newspapers. The major influences on the price of the product are costs by the producer, competitors prices, regional pricing and select prices. The main costs of distribution are transport and other related fixed costs depot vehicles and labour, fuel, consumables. The company is establishing closer links with suppliers by sharing vehicles. This helps the company to meet its objectives because it allows them to know what the customers want so they can provide a good. (Investment and Business News, 2006) Sainsbury have emerged dominant in the UK grocery market and are showing signs that they may leverage their retail expertise into other market sectors. Retailers have learnt, particularly in the UK, that their own brand identity has become more important than the products they sell and greater wealth can now be created by the communication of an overall retail brand identity. This will become even more important in the future. (BBC news 2006) Since 2000, Jamie Oliver has been the public face of the Sainsburys supermarket chain in the UK, appearing on television and radio advertisements and in-store promotional material. The deal earns him an estimated à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½1.2 million every year. The Jamie Oliver effect was continuing to have a big impact as the super chefs Try Something New (Sainsbury 2005) Recipe tips were encouraging people to buy a wider range of foods from the store. A major Christmas marketing push with Oliver will launch shortly (BBC news 2003). In 2006, Oliver fronted Sainsburys new advertising slogan urging customers to try something different by suggesting recipe ideas. In October the company claimed sales of some featured products had more than doubled. Sainsburys competitors also noticed a substantial increase in these products (Julia Finch, 2005)